高考英语阅读理解精读 AI systems

【导语】本文是一篇说明文。主要介绍了科学家利用人工智能分析卫星传输的数据，加工之后可以确认地区性的营养缺乏。

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More than two billion people worldwide, including 340 million children suffer micronutrient deficiencies (缺乏). But diagnosing (诊断) them early for effective treatment requires expensive, time consuming blood draws and laboratory tests.

New research provides a more efficient approach. Computer scientist Elizabeth Bondi and her colleagues at Harvard University used publicly available satellite data and artificial intelligence to locate areas where populations are at high risk of micronutrient deficiencies. This analysis could potentially help public health agencies to intervene early, thus benefiting the local people.

Existing AI systems can use satellite data to predict regional food security issues, but they typically rely on directly observable features. Yet Bondi and her colleagues have found that combining data such as vegetation cover, weather and water presence can suggest where populations will lack iron, vitamin B12 or vitamin A.

The team examined original satellite measurements and consulted with local public health officials, then used AI to examine the data and point out key features. For instance, a food market based on roads and buildings, was vital for predicting a community’s

risk level. The researchers then linked these features to specific micronutrient deficiencies in four regions’ populations across Madagascar. They used real-world blood samples tested in labs to train and test their AI program.

Predictions of regional-level micronutrient deficiency in populations met, and sometimes went beyond, the accuracy of estimates based on surveys administered by local public health officials. “Our work shows a method that allows for identification and targeting of populations for nutritional support.” Bondi says.

“This is a novel contribution that highlights AI’s potential to advance public health,” says Emory University epidemiologist Christine Ekenga, who was not involved with the study, “the authors have proved a method that can overcome these challenges.”

The researchers aim to develop an App that extends this analysis to other countries

that have public satellite data. “We hope that this application could allow public health officials to interact with the insights our system can provide and help to inform involvement.” Bondi says.

12. What does the underlined word “intervene” in paragraph 2 probably mean?

A. Take action.

B. Set examples.

C. Improve service.

D. Express concerns.

13. What contributes largely to Bondi’s research?

A. Positive lab test results.

B. The cut cost of satellites.

C. The data collected by AI.

D. Widespread AI in space.

14. What is paragraph 4 mainly about?

A. The value of the research.

B. The process of the research.

C. The analysis of the research.

D. The objective of the research.

15. What will the researchers do next?

A. Provide international help.

B. Improve the analysis system.

C. Announce their achievements.

D. Cooperate with public health companies.